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<table width="100%" summary="page for Wages"><tr><td>Wages</td><td style="text-align: right;">R Documentation</td></tr></table>

<h2>Panel Data of Individual Wages</h2>

<h3>Description</h3>

<p>A panel of 595 individuals from 1976 to 1982, taken from the Panel Study of
Income Dynamics (PSID).<br /><br /> The data are organized as a stacked time
series/balanced panel, see <strong>Examples</strong> on how to convert to a
<code>pdata.frame</code>.
</p>


<h3>Format</h3>

<p>A data frame containing:
</p>

<dl>
<dt>exp</dt><dd><p>years of full-time work experience.</p>
</dd>
<dt>wks</dt><dd><p>weeks  worked.</p>
</dd>
<dt>bluecol</dt><dd><p>blue collar?</p>
</dd>
<dt>ind</dt><dd><p>works in a manufacturing industry?</p>
</dd>
<dt>south</dt><dd><p>resides in the south?</p>
</dd>
<dt>smsa</dt><dd><p>resides in a standard metropolitan statistical area?</p>
</dd>
<dt>married</dt><dd><p>married?</p>
</dd>
<dt>sex</dt><dd><p>a factor with levels <code>"male"</code> and <code>"female"</code></p>
</dd>
<dt>union</dt><dd><p>individual's wage set by a union contract?</p>
</dd>
<dt>ed</dt><dd><p>years of education.</p>
</dd>
<dt>black</dt><dd><p>is the individual black?</p>
</dd>
<dt>lwage</dt><dd><p>logarithm of wage.</p>
</dd> </dl>


<h3>Details</h3>

<p><em>total number of observations</em> : 4165
</p>
<p><em>observation</em> : individuals
</p>
<p><em>country</em> : United States
</p>


<h3>Source</h3>

<p>Online complements to Baltagi (2001):
</p>
<p><a href="http://www.wiley.com/legacy/wileychi/baltagi/">http://www.wiley.com/legacy/wileychi/baltagi/</a>
</p>
<p>Online complements to Baltagi (2013):
</p>
<p><a href="http://bcs.wiley.com/he-bcs/Books?action=resource&amp;bcsId=4338&amp;itemId=1118672321&amp;resourceId=13452">http://bcs.wiley.com/he-bcs/Books?action=resource&amp;bcsId=4338&amp;itemId=1118672321&amp;resourceId=13452</a>
</p>


<h3>References</h3>

<p>Baltagi B (2001).
<em>Econometric Analysis of Panel Data</em>, 3rd edition.
John Wiley and Sons ltd.
</p>
<p>Baltagi B (2013).
<em>Econometric Analysis of Panel Data</em>, 5th edition.
John Wiley and Sons ltd.
</p>
<p>Cornwell C, Rupert P (1988).
&ldquo;Efficient Estimation With Panel Data: an Empirical Comparison of Instrumental
		Variables Estimators.&rdquo;
<em>Journal of Applied Econometrics</em>, <b>3</b>, 149&ndash;155.
</p>


<h3>Examples</h3>

<pre>

# data set 'Wages' is organized as a stacked time series/balanced panel
data("Wages", package = "plm")
Wag &lt;- pdata.frame(Wages, index=595)

</pre>


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